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Format guides

Short, opinionated explainers about file formats — what to pick, what you lose, and when converting is the wrong idea. Written to be useful whether or not you convert anything.
7 min

We Measured What Image Formats Actually Cost

Five test images, four formats, five quality settings, and the numbers that came out — including the case where lossless compression beats every lossy encoder.

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5 min

HEIC vs JPG: What's the Difference, and Which Should You Use?

Why your iPhone photos are HEIC, what you gain from it, and why you keep having to convert them anyway.

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4 min

JPG vs PNG: Which Image Format Should You Use?

The most common image format question, answered with the one rule that actually decides it.

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4 min

WebP vs JPG: Is WebP Actually Better for Websites?

Whether the smaller files are worth the compatibility trade-off, and where WebP genuinely loses.

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4 min

How to Extract Audio From a Video

Turning a lecture, interview or music video into something you can listen to — and what quality to expect.

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5 min

How to Make a Video File Smaller Without Ruining It

The three settings that matter, in the order they matter.

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3 min

MP4 vs MOV: Which Video Format Should You Use?

Two near-identical containers with very different real-world support.

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3 min

MP3 vs WAV: What's the Difference?

The difference is real, but converting between them only helps in one direction.

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4 min

CSV vs XLSX: Which Should You Use for Your Data?

Why your product codes lose their leading zeros, and which format to blame.

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4 min

JSON vs CSV: When to Use Each for Data

What actually happens to nested data when it becomes a table.

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527 converters and tools65 file formatsnothing ever uploaded.